18 мая 2018 г. · The four-velocity of a particle is →U=d→x/dτ and the four-acceleration is d→U/dτ, where (dτ)2=−d→x⋅d→x.

22 мая 2021 г. · The spacelike nature of four-acceleration means that it must lie outside the light cone, contrary to four-velocity. The orthogonality condition ...

24 апр. 2021 г. · The four acceleration is defined as... That is a hideous and unmotivated way to define it. It should be defined as aμ=duμ/dτ so that it is ...

2 февр. 2021 г. · Four-acceleration properties ... Is the four-acceleration time-like, null, or space-like? How would we derive the answer? Do we start from a⋅a?

14 авг. 2019 г. · In an inertial frame, the 4-displacement, 4-velocity, and 4-acceleration of a particle are X=(ct,r),U=dXdτ=(Ut,U)=(γuc,γuu),A=dUdτ=(At,A)=(γ4uu ...

20 дек. 2020 г. · Equation for four-acceleration ... A=dUdτ=(γu˙γuc,γ2ua+γu˙γuu)=(γ4ua⋅uc,γ2ua+γ4u(a⋅u)c2u)=(γ4ua⋅uc,γ4u(a+u×(u×a)c2)). ... have you expanded the ...

21 апр. 2021 г. · From what I understand of the wikipedia article, the proper acceleration is also equal to the covariant derivative of the coordinate velocity.

29 мар. 2018 г. · general relativity - Showing Four Acceleration and Four Velocity are Perpendicular - Physics Stack Exchange.

29 мар. 2021 г. · A constant proper acceleration only implies a constancy of the length of the four-acceleration vector, i.e., dτ(AμAμ)=0, not dτAμ=0. The motion ...

15 апр. 2020 г. · An object's four-acceleration, being a Lorentz four-vector, depends on the Lorentz frame in which it is measured and thus on the ...