The Grand Duchy of Finland was set up by Tsar Alexander I in order to bypass Finnish resistance to Russia. He promised to respect Finland's Lutheran faith, ... |
In Finnish historiography the Grand Duchy of Finland period is always the nineteenth century, when Finland was an autonomous grand duchy in the Russian Empire. |
12 апр. 2024 г. · English: The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland that existed in its territory 1809–1917 as autonomous state ... |
In 1581 King John III raised Finland to the level of a grand duchy to irritate his Russian rival, Tsar Ivan the Terrible. Dispute over the Swedish crown, ... |
The project studies the political meanings of the notion of Grand Duchy of Finland as a part of Swedish and Russian empires. |
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