It is also possible for cattle to become infected via contact with contaminated fomites, such as water buckets, calf feeders, feed bunks, IV equipment, nose ...

By direct contact between animals ('horizontal' transmission). The virus can be spread in all body fluids, including saliva, tears, nasal discharge, semen, ...

Direct Contact: The most common transmission route is direct contact with infected animals. BVDV is present in saliva, nasal discharge, urine, and faeces of ...

BVD virus can be spread in semen of persistently infected bulls or in bulls experiencing acute BVD with transient virus infection. BVDV will lead to low ...

BVD is most commonly introduced into the herd via persistently infected (PI) animals shedding the virus in a variety of secretions and excretions. The highest ...

BVD is transmitted in a number of ways. Either through a congenital infection of the fetus or after birth. Congenital infections may cause resorption, abortion, ...

24 июн. 2024 г. · The disease is mainly spread by persistently infected, or PI, cattle. These are born with the disease, having come into contact with the virus ...

Persistent infection develops when noncytopathic BVDV is transmitted transplacentally during the first 4 months of fetal development. The calf is born infected ...

The virus spreads mainly by close contact between PI animals and other cattle. This virus may also persist in the environment for short periods or be ...